The prices of cultural services increased by 8.7% compared to 2023, with notable rises in the prices of museums, libraries and zoos (+13.5%), photographic services (+12.5%), and cinema, theatre and concerts (+4.3%).

In 2024, 44,941 live performance sessions were held (+5.0%), attended by 18.6 million spectators (+8.6%). A total of 7.6 million tickets were sold (+4.3%), generating €206.4 million ticket revenues (+9.1%).

Cinema held 551.5 thousand sessions (+1.6%), with 11.9 million spectators (-3.6%) and €73.3 million box office revenues (+0.5%).

The museums had 19.4 million visitors (+7.6%), of which 9.4 million were foreign visitors (+8.9%).

In 2024, periodical publications’ total circulation (437 newspapers and 423 magazines) was 545.8 million, of which 51.9% belonged to magazines and 48.1% to newspapers. A total of 11,615 books were printed (provisional data), representing a decrease of 14.3% compared with 2023.

The 79,706 enterprises of cultural and creative activities, in 2023, generated €8.8 thousand million turnover (+8.2%) and €3.3 thousand million of Gross Value Added (+11.3%).

In 2024, the imports of cultural goods surpassed the exports, leading to a deficit in the trade balance of €268.8 million (with €513.7 million in imports and €244.8 million in exports).

The Local Government´s expenditures on cultural and creative activities reached €772.7 million, corresponding to an increase of €87.9 million when compared to 2023 (+12.8%).

In 2024, cultural employment was estimated at 197,0 thousand people, representing 3.9% of total employment. The gross monthly earnings per employee in cultural and creative activities was €1,586 (more 6.0% than in 2023).

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